Israel and the Middle East, Jerusalem center for public affairs Research Paper

Israel and the Middle East, Jerusalem place for open undertakings - Research Paper Example Not on the off chance that it is your own history; commented Abdullah and kept saying; and you have a sibling lost in it. Goodness, I am sorry to learn about your trouble, I have lost a lot of my loved ones and I know how it feels like. Be that as it may, what history are your perusing? Asked Paul. Indeed, it is the historical backdrop of Palestine and Israel. In this way, you should be a Palestinian. Not, Exactly, My dad is from Palestine however my mom is Egyptian, I was conceived and developed old in Egypt. Presently, my dad needs me to leave for Palestine and lay my life for Jehad, which I don't comprehend why is going on. All the slaughter and the narratives of war have consistently captivated me to discover what really is going on, why are individuals battling about a little real estate parcel when the two of them can live calmly. Paul has comprehended the point and with a little grin asked; what is your name? Abdullah. Listen Abdullah, It isn't simply an issue of land between the Israelis and the Palestinians. It is about religion, it is about inheritance and it is about home, not for one yet for the two sides. To what extent have you been perusing the book? Around two hours. Also, what did you read? Very little, all the narratives that I have heard and what I find in the news channels and what I have perused in the book may appear to be anything but difficult to peruse and tune in to, yet not that simple to process. Everything becomes repudiating. Everybody is by all accounts on the correct side of the firearm and afterward everybody is by all accounts fouling up. It is completely turned inside out. I don't have a clue why precisely did my sibling kick the bucket. Was it for right or only a misuse of life. Gee. Mention to me what you have perused and what you realize then I may have the option to help clear up the disarray you are having, Paul said. All things considered, as a matter of first importance the Jews lived in this locale, at that point the d istrict was over taken by the Muslims under whom the... The Jews didn't request that the Muslims leave from the outset, yet after the war, the Muslims were revolting all the spots, the Jews had not other decision other at that point request that they leave, Commented David. What do you believe is the answer for all the gore that is going on now in these states. There are lives on the two sides that are being squandered, asked Abdullah. The arrangement my companions lie in the duty to shared harmony. The two sides need to come to basic terms and finish up harmony and that is just in the types of tolerating the suggestions of the UN. Be that as it may, the two sides are inflexible on needing the total land which I accept isn't ever conceivable. The outcome will be that the slaughter will proceed on the two sides. Until and except if both the networks don't chat on the compassionate premise this, all will stay for the following ages to endure. The main way out is talking above religion, above personality or more patriotism and the harmony wi ll win. It isn't what I feel, it is the thing that I have seen, finished up Paul.

Essay Question An Inspector Calls Example For Students

Exposition Question An Inspector Calls Produce an empathic reaction to character and topics in An Inspector Calls putting together your reaction with respect to pretend exercises, which exhibits your comprehension of the verifiable, social and social settings in the play. An Inspector Calls was composed post-World War Two around 1945. It is set in 1912, not long before World War One started. In the stage creation, the play is presented with some 1940s dressed kids entering the play from an incubate in the obvious piece of the stage. The stage is peculiarly twisted downwards towards the left of the stage, and a pay phone with crushed windows is inclining inwards towards it. There is a 1940s radio on the right, which a little youngster kicks until is starts producing wartime music. An alarm starts ringing, the kids run underneath the window ornament and the shade lifts. In front of an audience is a house on a road, with a road light and a littler adaptation of the house towards the rear of the stage. The sky is dull and shady, and it is pouring. An elderly person, Edna the servant, sits close to the house on a little seat. The family sit inside the house. The Inspector first enters the play from the assembly room in a spooky and vile manner and is nearly on the phase before the crowd register his essence. He enters as though he has originated from somewhere else, in a creepy and nearly Christ-like way. He hands the kid an orange and the kid runs off. This may connote the incongruity that the play was written in the mid 1940s (WW2) and set in 1912(WW1), and the shortage of oranges at both of these occasions. The family are sat in the little house, eating and drinking happily. The family are having a celebratory supper due to Sheila Birlings commitment to Gerald Croft. The Inspector makes his quality known and addresses Arthur Birling first, educating him regarding a little youngsters effective self destruction attempt. Id like some data, on the off chance that you dont mind, Mr Birling. Two hours prior a young lady kicked the bucket in the Infirmary. Shed been taken there this evening in light of the fact that shes gulped a great deal of solid disinfectant. The Inspector shows Arthur a photo, and Arthur recollects the person in question, one of his ex-workers, Eva Smith. Arthur sacked her, as she needed a compensation rise. They needed the rates raised so they could average twenty-five shillings per week. I can't, obviously. This section shows how Arthur has a covetous and egotistical side, covetousness being one of the primary topics in the play. Sheila is close to be grilled by the Inspector. The Inspector discloses to her that after she got sacked by Mr Birling, Eva went for work at Milwards, one of Sheilas most loved garments shops. She was taken on in a shop-and a decent shop too-Milwards. He shows Shelia a photo of Eva and she wails. Sheila lost Eva her position at Milwards which helped lead to the self destruction. I saw her grinning at the right hand, and I was enraged with her. I went to the chief at Milwards and I disclosed to him that in the event that they didnt dispose of that young lady, Id never go close to the spot again and Id convince Mother to close our record with them. Eva was released right away. These entries show how Sheila was voracious and made Milwards dispose of Eva Smith so as to keep her record. It shows how Sheila was envious and voracious. The Inspector next converses with Sheilas fianc Gerald Croft. Eva Smith evidently changed her name to Daisy Renton, and this name Gerald perceives. Presently she needed to have a go at something different. So first she changed her name to Daisy Renton.â What? shouts Gerald. It turns out Gerald had an unsanctioned romance with Eva, which endured numerous months until they separated in the main seven day stretch of September. Eva apparently took it well overall yet this occasion despite everything helped towards her self destruction. .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 , .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .postImageUrl , .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 , .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82:hover , .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82:visited , .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82:active { border:0!important; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82:active , .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important ; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ue68bcd8faeafe585320105dd82a65f82:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Dickens representation of England EssayAfter Gerald left her, Eva went to Sybil Birlings Womens Organization to look for help. From the outset she called herself Mrs Birling, a lot to Sybils disturb, and later lied to the advisory group. They in the end dismissed her. Sybil was ravenous and wouldn't help Eva, leaving her in the city and much progressively discouraged. The Inspector reveals that Eva was pregnant when she went for shelter at Sybils lodging, and the dad was Eric. Eric returns to the family and concedes all. I wasnt in affection with her or anything other than I enjoyed her. She revealed to me she would have a child. Eric likewise concedes he took cash to help her I got it-from the workplace . Eric was ravenous when he took the cash and when he didn't remain by Eva. Greed assumes a significant job in the play, as it is the foundation of the entirety of the Birlings botches and is classified as one of the plays numerous subjects, alongside duty, great and abhorrence, and aggregate obligation. Eva Smith is viewed as a conventional character, speaking to every such individuals from her social class and particularly ladies in her situation, for example persecuted laborers, or ladies into prostitution. There are numerous Eva Smiths. There are additionally matches among Eva and the Everyman character from a mid sixteenth century profound quality play. This character exemplifies contest among great and underhandedness topics in An Inspector Calls. She likewise has matches with Eve from the Bible-avarice was the first sin from the earliest starting point of time and was the start of Evas problems. Eric, especially, isn't entirely mindful when he turns into the dad of Evas infant, and with his drinking propensities. He takes cash from his dad, which shows extraordinary proportions of unreliability. When Gerald goes with Eva he is acting unreliably as he is expected to wed Sheila. Another key topic in An Inspector Calls is aggregate duty.

A Definitive Guide on How to Write An Essay In MLA Format

A Definitive Guide on How to Write An Essay In MLA Format Today I am going to share with you the best ever guide on how to write an essay in MLA format. Essays writing is an ordinary task in school and colleges. Not even in school and college, you have to write essays in your business career in the form of reports. An essay is a small segment of writing that provides information and explains the writers opinion. If you are writing an essay for college, then you need help in writing. Professors are always looking for two writing styles in students essay such as APA ( American psychological association) style or MLA (Modern language association) style. In the U.S., the MLA style is frequently used. Many students face difficulty in writing essays, especially when they have to follow a particular format. They always look for the solution of their question of how to write an essay in MLA format? The difficulties they are facing are the introduction of title, citation, and spacing of the paper. These all affect the grades of the students. As a result, these students need guidance on essay writing in MLA format. After that, they can attain good grades. Now the question arises what is MLA format for an essay? Summary Now the question arises what is MLA format for an essay?Knowledge of how to write an essay in MLA format?Details of pageInformation of headingMarginsFont, line up, and adjustment:ReferencingThe positioning of the works cited pageExamples and tablesThe advantage of taking Our high-quality essay help in MLA format:  Conclusion Many students do not know about the MLA format of an essay. MLA symbolizes the modern language association. It is evolved as a way for researchers, students, and scholars who used it as a method of formatting essays, assignments, and papers. It was first published in 1985 by the modern language association of America. The latest edition of their Handbook was released in april 2016. It provides detailed instructions on MLA citation and guidelines for submitting work as per the MLA rules and standards.       Knowledge of how to write an essay in MLA format? Most of the students dont know about MLA format. They dont know about writing an essay in MLA format. They score low grades because of a lack of knowledge. There are many rules that a writer must follow while writing this type of essay. Details of page If you are using the MLA style for formatting your essay, then you must remember that it does not require a title page. All the required information is mention on the front page. The publishing details include on your first page is your name, the name of your professor, the title of your course, and the due date of assignment.     Information of heading Another essential component of essay writing in MLA format is the header section. Your surname and the page number are included in this section. The information is written in the upper right-hand corner of the page. Do not use the abbreviation p before the page number. Some students do this. Hyphens, periods, and any other signs are not used in the header. You can add the header details to the remaining page automatically by using a word processing tool. You must ensure that you make your essay as per the professors preferences.                   Margins Margins are other essential points consider while using MLA format. The requirement of MLA formatting is a 1-inch margin all around by using microsoft word. If you want to ensure, then you will find different margin options when you will go to page layout.       Font, line up, and adjustment: The perfect font size for essay writing while using MLA formatting is size 12 and times new roman. Do not change the font of your text in the hope that your professor will not recognize. Dont use the right margin to justify the lines of your text. Double-spaced must use while making the entire essay. It helps in making your text easy to read and presentable.         Referencing For excellent academic writing, proper citation and referencing are necessary. Students write for their seniors, provide the data of their research and evaluation. In the academic tenure, students search for verified publication and books to gather information from or make their ideas. The source which you used for your essay must be verified.       The appropriate citation provides your audience with a way to check the originality of your information. In MLA format, a parenthetical format is used for the text citation where the surname of authors are mentioned with the page number together from where the data was collected. When the author has been cited in the sentence, then dont repeat it within the parenthesis. The list of citation informs your audience about the details of the sources from where you collect the data that support your arguments. The citation works should be mention on its page.   The positioning of the works cited page The record of the sources used in the essay must appear at the end of the essay. The citation page must contain the same information, as mentioned in the essay. The title works cited is mentioned in the center of the page and an inch from the top of the page. Manage your entry in alphabetical order. You must obey the number of references mentioned by your professor.             Examples and tables An essential component considers while using MLA formatting for writing an essay is the use of tables and examples to support the arguments. If you use graphs or tables in your work, then place them close to the text in which they are connected. Figures are numbered properly. If taken from different sources, then it must be mentioned properly. From the above discussion, you must get an answer of your query on how to write an essay in MLA format. Our writers follow all these steps while preparing your essay. The advantage of taking Our high-quality essay help in MLA format:   Our writers are devoted to offering wonderful writing help and suggest to all customers. We guarantee you that your needs are completely fulfilled, whether it is an MLA format argumentative article, an influential essay, or an explanatory essay. The advantages of picking us are as follows:   We have quick writers who can deliver your papers inside your due date.Our assistance is exceptionally affordable, additionally outstanding discounts.We have experts qualified with Ph.D., furthermore, graduate degrees.Our essays are 100 percent unique.We offer unlimited updates after receiving a paper.We work 24 hours per day. Conclusion To sum up, this blog examines MLA organizing for essay, including a look at some significant components of MLA arranging. The data contained here should give you an excellent thought of how to continue with MLA arranging and reference. Although, if you need more data, it is prescribed to take a look at the official rules contained in the MLA Handbook. As you can read it from the tips given and the examples, MLA organizing is neither messed up nor unclear. Except if you are mentioned to give extra data by your professor, dont want to do as such. Great organizing takes practice, so continue writing. If you need an expert writer for your essay writing help in MLA format, then you can contact us whenever you want as per your requirements.

Intellectual Property The Intellectual Properties Means

1) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: The intellectual properties means, A work which was created by the person with his Idea and Plan. The copyright law comes into picture immediately when the work was created and author will become the owner as soon as the copyright was created. He will have full rights on the work, and he can sell that work for others. 10 Examples of violating Intellectual Property rights of others: A) Piracy: The most common violation of IP is making piracy of movies, music and videos which they do not have right to do. Now as fast as technology is growing and making piracy films growing which will have a huge impact on a Production department of that movie. They will spend lots of money to produce that movie but with this†¦show more content†¦In this scenario, you cannot make copy of the work; make the duplicate copy of that work. It also includes copy of Ideas, Expressions, presentations and copy of author’s concept and writing and telling them as its own idea. This results in the intellectual propert right violation of the author. E) Procuring Copyrighted Works: The author will get copyright when creates the work with his own idea or expression and he is protected under copyright law. If you want to use that work we need to buy that work or movie in order to watch it. If you are downloading the movies or songs without permission it not legal, with the help of fast growing technology the intellectual property of others were being stolen with the help of new technology. Companies who rely on selling copyrights will be in loss and inviduall author will be face some loss as information was used without the knowledge of the author. F) Protection for Unfair Competition: This was the another area of the intellectual property which was getting violated in recent past. In this Context we will explain regarding the knock offs where they are passing as original. For us nowadays its very easy to get the information of our competitor company products or goods they are manufacturing. Some companies has a brand value for some products which they produce, but the other companies copy the product information, packing style and release into the market asShow MoreRelatedIntellectual Property Rights And Competition Law1304 Words   |  6 PagesAIM Critical analysis on when the use of intellectual property rights turns into abuse of intellectual property rights and further analysis on the trend of European competition authorities towards Intellectual property rights with specific reference to what is reiterated in the Magill cases. Introduction Intellectual property rights and competition law both seem to intervene at different junctures; however they work for attainment of one common goal that is consumer welfare. The reasons for thisRead More Copyright and the Internet Essay examples1425 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"The printing press represented a supreme threat to the clergy’s monopoly on idea dissemination; moveable type was the fifteenth century version of Napster† (Copyright Website). Copyright laws were instated to protect authors of various intellectual properties, (literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, architectural) and give credit to the proper author. Over the years copyright laws have changed dramatically, because of the development of the internet. Before the internet in order to be caught plagiarizingRead MoreEssay on The Internet and Intellectual Property Laws1418 Words   |  6 PagesInternet and Intellectual Property Laws With the emergence and growth of the internet, intellectual property laws are much harder to enforce and many people are saying that they are outdated and obsolete. Intellectual property allows you to own your ideas, thoughts, and creativity as you would own a piece of tangible property. The human mind is a creative tool that comes up with ideas, designs, schemes, and inspirations of all kinds. Intellectual property views these ideas as being property. The ideasRead MoreHe Advantages and Disadvantages of Intellectual Property in the Digital Age.1461 Words   |  6 Pagesand disadvantages of intellectual property in the digital age. Intellectual property is an umbrella term that covers copyright, patents, trademarks, designs, and confidentiality and trade secrets. Each of these terms covers a different type of property that is made up of knowledge. Many of these terms cover physical objects, however it is the idea behind them that counts and needs to be protected. The growth of the Internet has put pressure on traditional intellectual property protections such asRead MoreThe Protection Of Copyright : An Indispensable Part Of The Domestic And International Protection Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesPosition Paper As one of the three most important aspects of intellectual property, copyright is an indispensable part of the domestic and international protection. As one of the earliest countries to be aware of the importance of the protection of intellectual property, the United States paid great attention to the protection of copyright. All the treaties and legislation are aiming at reaching the balance between the creators’ interests and the competitors’ rights. 1.Domestic protection 1.1. ItRead MoreComputer Software Engineering : Stealing Intellectual Property And How It Hurts Legitimate Authors961 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment – 6 CSC 580 Advanced Software Engineering Stealing Intellectual property and how it hurts legitimate authors 1.Introduction of the intellectual property: Firstly, having intellectual property rights lays good foundation for the software industry. Indeed, the intellectual property rights means having the rights for the creation of his work. For instance, considering an example in the software profession if an individual develops a software code then the individual has the full authorityRead MoreIntellectual Properties And How Can You Protect It?1004 Words   |  5 Pagesis Intellectual Properties and How Can You Protect It? What is Intellectual Property? Intellectual Property or IP is a representation of creations of the mind, or something that can be legally owned, Intellectual Property allows protection through patents, trademarks, copyright, designs, circuit layouts and plant breeder’s rights. Almost any business can have some form of intellectual property that they need to protect. What are your rights and how can you protect your intellectual property? ExploreRead MoreIntellectual Property Rights And Digital Pirating1364 Words   |  6 PagesINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND DIGITAL PIRATING Luke Telfer STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE The idea of intellectual property can be traced back to ancient Greece with the first known reference involving the protection of culinary recipes developed by chefs. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization, â€Å"intellectual property refers to creations of the mind: inventions; literary and artistic works; and symbols, names and images used in commerce.† The violation of intellectual property rightsRead MoreWhat is Open Source Licensing Essay782 Words   |  4 Pagesof this paper was to observe if and how the open source software licensing regime has challenged the protection granted to software under the intellectual property rights. In general, the outcome is that the distinct production and distribution model of open source licenses, while different, can be compatible with the legal framework of intellectual property rights protection and serve different purposes. However, a number of remaining uncertainties around the open source licenses leave room for improvementsRead MoreThe Doha Rounds Trade Negotiations 976 Words   |  4 PagesThe Doha round’s trade negotiations over intellectual property have been long and arduous. After more than a decade there is still no agreement over the extent of patent protection that should be afforded to pharmaceuticals. The shadow of the future adds additional complications, as the inv olved parties have no reason to settle now, when they can wait and hope for more favorable terms in the future. Despite this looming threat, the future holds promise for a drug access settlement. As technology

Hate Crime Essay - 816 Words

Introduction The term hate crime became part of the American lexicon in 1985 when it was coined by United States Representatives John Conyers and Mario Biaggi. Although the term hate crime and societal interest in it are relatively recent developments, hate crime has deep historical roots. Throughout U.S. history, a significant proportion of all murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism and desecration have been fueled by hatred. As Native Americans have been described as the first hate crime victims, hate crimes have existed since the United States’ inception. Since then, members of all immigrant groups have been subjected to discrimination, harassment, and violence. Although there are variations in definition, and certainly variations†¦show more content†¦In addition, these laws are important in order to deter potential hate crime offenders who intentionally target members of subordinate groups. Hate crime laws are also symbolic and promote social cohesion by officially stating that victimization of people who are â€Å"different† is not accepted or tolerated in a modern society. There have also been arguments against the formation of hate crime laws. Not all believe that hate crimes have been a significant problem in society; rather, some see it as a media-exaggerated issue—a product of a society that is highly sensitive to prejudice and discrimination. Thus, a special set of criminal laws that include hate is not warranted, and the generic criminal laws will suffice. Those who oppose hate crime laws also argue that attempting to determine motivation for an already criminal act is difficult and may pose moral problems in that the offender is being punished for a criminal act and for his or her motivation. It has also been argued that hate crime laws do not deter people from engaging in these crimes. Others argue that the disagreement over which subordinate groups to include in the hate crime laws actually causes added discrimination and marginalization. Critics state that what these laws effectively are saying is that one group is more worthy of prote ction and care than another. Critics also wonder why anger/hate is more punishable than other motives such as greed. Although there has been (and still is) debateShow MoreRelatedHate Crimes Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesEssay #2: What are the roots of the violence/hate crimes today in our contemporary society? What can we do to reduce them? Explain. The world is full of HATE. What is this word? What makes someone HATE someone else enough to kill or harm another human being? Hate crimes are criminal actions intended to harm or intimidate people because of their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, or other minority group status. They are also referred to as bias crimes. Hate crimes have been goingRead MoreHate Crimes Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesCrimes I. Intro-What is a hate crime . A hate crime is when a person intentionally selects a victim because of the race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation. A person who commits a hate crime can come from any background and be any race. The term hate crime is meant to differentiate criminal behavior that is caused by prejudice from behavior that is motivated by greed jealously, anger, politics and like. Hate groups differ from one another in terms of membershipRead MoreEssay on hate crimes661 Words   |  3 Pages Defining Hate Crimes Hate crimes has become an increasing problem here in the united states ranging from racial hatred to gender discrimination but what are hate crimes? According to Dr. Jack McDevitt, a criminologist at Northeastern University in Boston Hate crimes are message crimes, Hate crimes are defined as crimes that are violent act against people, property, or organizations because of the group to which they belong or identify with. The coined term â€Å"hate crimes† was first used No matterRead More Hate Crimes Essay902 Words   |  4 Pages Hate Crimes I. What are Hate Crimes A. Definitions for Hate Crimes B. Counting Hate Crimes 1. White Power 2. Black Power II. Examples of Hate Crimes A. Hate Crime penalties III. Reasons for Hate Crimes Even though Hate Crimes have been around in the past, and have been most certainly been more violent in the past. Hate Crimes are most certainly still a problem in todays society, but it is not dealt with the same violent manner as previously performed in the past. There are still violent actsRead MoreEssay on Hate Crime Analysis1420 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crime Analysis Kim Hull CJA/540 Criminological Theory October 13, 2011 Facilitator David Mailloux CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I  certify that  the attached  paper is my original work. I am familiar with, and acknowledge my responsibilities which are part of, the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that any section of the paper which has been submitted previously is attributed and cited as such, and that this paper has not been submitted by anyone else.  I haveRead MoreReligion and Hate Crimes Essay2507 Words   |  11 PagesIn 2007, according to the Federal Bureau Investigation of the Nation’s law enforcement agencies â€Å"there were 9,535 victims of hate crimes; of these victims17.1 percent were victimized because of a bias against a religious belief which totaled to be 1,628 victims of an anti-religious hate crime† (1). Almost ten thousand people were victims of hate crimes alone in 2007. That is something to be alarmed about because part of living in the U.S.A as minority is to have freedom to do and be anything youRead MoreReligion and Hate Crimes Essay2520 Words   |  11 PagesIn 2008, the Uniform Crime Reporting program of the U.S. Department of Justice — Federal Bureau of Investigation reported that â€Å"13,690 law enforcement agencies submitted hate crime data to the UCR Program. Of these agencies, 2,145 reported 7,783 hate crime incidents involving 9,168 offenses and of the 7,780 single-bias incidents reported in 2008, 19.5 percent were motivated by religious bias† (1). The statistics of 2008 are alarming to look at because the numbers of hate crimes committed in that yearRead MoreThe Many Forms of Hate Crimes Essay687 Words   |  3 PagesThe Many Forms of Hate Crimes The issue of hate crimes has greatly affected the way in which people interact. A hate crime is defined as any act of violence or verbal slashing of a person based upon race, religious belief, or ones sexuality. There are several other grounds for determining a hate crime depending upon guidelines in written laws. Hate crimes are said to have originally derived from the unjust treatment of Jewish cultures during the Holocaust in World War II. Slavery of AfricanRead MoreEssay about Hate Crime Victimization1642 Words   |  7 Pagesof murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism and desecration were fueled by bigotry† (Karmen, 2013, p. 350). Hate crime victimization is a very prevalent and serious issue that exists amongst our society today that is often used to demonstrate a form of hate towards a particular group of people; primarily minority groups. â€Å"Although each state employs a different definition of hate crime, most statutes include groups singled out on the basi s of race (such as African Americans or Asian Americans)Read MoreEssay on Hate Crime1498 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crime   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Violence motivated by a bias against victims’ characteristics which include race, religion, ethnic background, national origin, gender, or sexual orientation, represents a serious threat to all communities. Experts estimate that a bias-related crime is committed every 14 minutes. Criminal justice officials and state policy makers need to realize that it is key to make or adjust hate crime legislation. This has been a heated debate for centuries

Streams of Silver 1. A Dagger at Their Backs Free Essays

string(51) " were an unfortunate side effect of his dabblings\." Book 1. Searches 1. A Dagger at Their Backs He kept his cloak pulled tightly about him, though little light seeped in through the curtained windows, for this was his existence, secretive and alone. We will write a custom essay sample on Streams of Silver 1. A Dagger at Their Backs or any similar topic only for you Order Now The way of the assassin. While other people went about their lives basking in the pleasures of the sunlight and the welcomed visibility of their neighbors, Artemis Entreri kept to the shadows, the dilated orbs of his eyes focused on the narrow path he must take to accomplish his latest mission. He truly was a professional, possibly the finest in the entire realms at his dark craft, and when he sniffed out the trail of his prey, the victim never escaped. So the assassin was unbothered by the empty house that he found in Bryn Shander, the principal city of the ten settlements in the wasteland of Icewind Dale. Entreri had suspected that the halfling had slipped out of Ten-Towns. But no matter; if this was indeed the same halfling that he had sought all the way from Calimport, a thousand miles and more to the south, he had made better progress than he ever could have hoped. His mark had no more than a two-week head start and the trail would be fresh indeed. Entreri moved through the house silently and calmly, seeking hints of the halfling’s life here that would give him the edge in their inevitable confrontation. Clutter greeted him in every room – the halfling had left in a hurry, probably aware that the assassin was closing in. Entreri considered this a good sign, further heightening his suspicions that this halfling, Regis, was the same Regis who had served the Pasha Pook those years ago in the distant southern city. The assassin smiled evilly at the thought that the halfling knew he was being stalked, adding to the challenge of the hunt as Entreri pitted his stalking prowess against his intended victim’s hiding ability. But the end result was predictable, Entreri knew, for a frightened person invariably made a fatal mistake. The assassin found what he was looking for in a desk drawer in the master bedroom. Fleeing in haste, Regis had neglected to take precautions to conceal his true identity. Entreri held the small ring up before his gleaming eyes, studying the inscription that clearly identified Regis as a member of Pasha Pook’s thieves’ guild in Calimport. Entreri closed his fist about the signet, the evil smile widening across his face. â€Å"I have found you, little thief,† he laughed into the emptiness of the room. â€Å"Your fate is sealed. There is nowhere for you to run!† His expression changed abruptly to one of alertness as the sound of a key, in the palatial house’s front door echoed up the hallway of the grand staircase. He dropped the ring into his belt pouch and slipped, as silent as death, to the shadows of the top posts of the stairway’s heavy banister. The large double doors swung open, and a man and a young woman stepped in from the porch ahead of two dwarves. Entreri knew the man, Cassius, the spokesman of Bryn Shander. This had been his home once, but he had relinquished it several months earlier to Regis, after the halfling’s heroic actions in the town’s battle against the evil wizard, Akar Kessell, and his goblin minions. Entreri had seen the other human before, as well, though he hadn’t yet discovered her connection to Regis. Beautiful women were a rarity in this remote setting, and this young woman was indeed the exception. Shiny auburn locks danced gaily about her shoulders, the intense sparkle of her dark blue eyes enough to bind any man hopelessly within their depths. Her name, the assassin had learned, was Catti-brie. She lived with the dwarves in their valley north of the city, particularly with the leader of the dwarven clan, Bruenor, who had adopted her as his own a dozen years before when a goblin raid had left her orphaned. This could prove a valuable meeting, Entreri mused. He cocked an ear through the banister poles to hear the discussion below. â€Å"He’s been gone but a week!† Catti-brie argued. â€Å"A week with no word,† snapped Cassius, obviously upset. â€Å"With my beautiful house empty and unguarded. Why, the front door was unlocked when I came by a few days ago!† â€Å"Ye gave the house to Regis,† Catti-brie reminded the man. â€Å"Loaned!† Cassius roared, though in truth the house had indeed been a gift. The spokesman had quickly regretted turning over to Regis the key to this palace, the grandest house north of Mirabar. In retrospect, Cassius understood that he had been caught up in the fervor of that tremendous victory over the goblins, and he suspected that Regis had lifted his emotions even a step further by using the reputed hypnotic powers of the ruby pendant. Like others who had been duped by the persuasive halfling, Cassius had come to a very different perspective on the events that had transpired, a perspective that painted Regis unfavorably. â€Å"No matter the name ye call it,† Catti-brie conceded, â€Å"ye should not be so hasty to decide that Regis has forsaken the house.† The spokesman’s face reddened in fury. â€Å"Everything out today!† he demanded. â€Å"You have my list. I want all of the halfling’s belongings out of my house! Any that remain when I return tomorrow shall become my own by the rights of possession! And I warn you, I shall be compensated dearly if any of my property is missing or damaged!† He turned on his heel and stormed out the doors. â€Å"He’s got his hair up about this one,† chuckled Fender Mallot, one of the dwarves. â€Å"Never have I seen one whose friends swing from loyalty to hatred more than Regis!† Catti-brie nodded in agreement of Fender’s observation. She knew that Regis played with magical charms, and she figured that his paradoxical relationships with those around him were an unfortunate side effect of his dabblings. You read "Streams of Silver 1. A Dagger at Their Backs" in category "Essay examples" â€Å"Do ye suppose he’s off with Drizzt and Bruenor?† Fender asked. Up the stairs, Entreri shifted anxiously. â€Å"Not to doubt,† Catti-brie answered. â€Å"All winter they’ve been asking him to join in the quest for Mithril Hall, an’ to be sure, Wulfgar’s joining added to the pressure.† â€Å"Then the little one’s halfway to Luskan, or more,† reasoned Fender. â€Å"And Cassius is right in wantin’ his house back.† â€Å"Then let us get to packing,† said Catti-brie. â€Å"Cassius has enough o’ his own without adding to the hoard from Regis’s goods.† Entreri leaned back against the banister. The name of Mithril Hall was unknown to him, but he knew the way to Luskan well enough. He grinned again, wondering if he might catch them before they ever reached the port city. First, though, he knew that there still might be some valuable information to be garnered here. Catti-brie and the dwarves set about the task of collecting the halfling’s belongings, and as they moved from room to room, the black shadow of Artemis Entreri, as silent as death, hovered about them. They never suspected his presence, never would have guessed that the gentle ripple in the drapes was anything more than a draft flowing in from the edges of the window, or that the shadow behind a chair was disproportionately long. He managed to stay close enough to hear nearly all of their conversation, and Catti-brie and the dwarves spoke of little else than the four adventurers and their journey to Mithril Hall. But Entreri learned little for his efforts. He already knew of the halfling’s famed companions – everyone in Ten-Towns spoke of them often: of Drizzt Do’Urden, the renegade drow elf, who had forsaken his dark-skinned people in the bowels of the Realms and roamed the borders of Ten-Towns as a solitary guardian against the intrusions of the wilderness of Icewind Dale; of Bruenor Battlehammer, the rowdy leader of the dwarven clan that lived in the valley near Kelvin’s Cairn; and most of all, of Wulfgar, the mighty barbarian, who was captured and raised to adulthood by Bruenor, returned with the savage tribes of the dale to defend Ten-Towns against the goblin army, then struck up a truce between all the peoples of Icewind Dale. A bargain that had salvaged, and promised to enri ch, the lives of all involved. â€Å"It seems that you have surrounded yourself with formidable allies, halfling,† Entreri mused, leaning against the back of a large chair, as Catti-brie and the dwarves moved into an adjoining room. â€Å"Little help they will offer. You are mine!† Catti-brie and the dwarves worked for about an hour, filling two large sacks, primarily with clothes. Catti-brie was astounded with the stock of possessions Regis had collected since his reputed heroics against Kessell and the goblins – mostly gifts from grateful citizens. Well aware of the halfling’s love of comfort, she could not understand what had possessed him to run off down the road after the others. But what truly amazed her was that Regis hadn’t hired porters to bring along at least a few of his belongings. And the more of his treasures that she discovered as she moved through the palace, the more this whole scenario of haste and impulse bothered her. It was too out of character for Regis. There had to be another factor, some missing element, that she hadn’t yet weighed. â€Å"Well, we got more’n we can carry, and most o’ the stuff anyway!† declared Fender, hoisting a sack over his sturdy shoulder. â€Å"Leave the rest for Cassius to sort, I say!† â€Å"I would no’ give Cassius the pleasure of claiming any of the things,† Catti-brie retorted. â€Å"There may yet be valued items to be found. Two of ye take the sacks back your rooms at the inn. I’ll be finishing the work up here.† â€Å"Ah, yer too good to Cassius,† Fender grumbled. â€Å"Bruenor had him marked right as a man taking too much pleasure in counting what he owns!† â€Å"Be fair, Fender Mallot,† Catti-brie retorted, though her agreeing smile belied any harshness in her tone. â€Å"Cassius served the towns well in the war and has been a fine leader for the people of Bryn Shander. Ye’ve seen as well as meself that Regis has a talent for putting up a cat’s fur!† Fender chuckled in agreement. â€Å"For all his ways of gettin’ what he wants, the little one has left a row or two of ruffled victims!† He patted the other dwarf on the shoulder and they headed for the main door. â€Å"Don’t ye be late, girl,† Fender called back to Catti-brie. â€Å"We’re to the mines again. Tomorrow, no later!† â€Å"Ye fret too much, Fender Mallot!† Catti-brie said, laughing. Entreri considered the last exchange and again a smile widened across his face. He knew well the wake of magical charms. The â€Å"ruffled victims† that Fender had spoken of described exactly the people that Pasha Pook had duped back in Calimport. People charmed by the ruby pendant. The double doors closed with a bang. Catti-brie was alone in the big house – or so she thought. She was still pondering Regis’s uncharacteristic disappearance. Her continued suspicions that something was wrong, that some piece of the puzzle was missing, began to foster within her the sense that something was wrong here in the house, as well. Catti-brie suddenly became aware of every noise and shadow around her. The â€Å"click-click† of a pendulum clock. The rustle of papers on a desk in front of an open window. The swish of drapes. The scutterings of a mouse within the wooden walls. Her eyes darted back to the drapes, still trembling slightly from their last movement. It could have been a draft through a crack in the window, but the alert woman suspected differently. Reflexively dropping to a crouch and reaching for the dagger on her hip, she started toward the open doorway a few feet to the side of the drapes. Entreri had moved quickly. Suspecting that more could yet be learned from Catti-brie, and not willing to pass up the opportunity offered by the dwarves’ departure, he had slipped into the most favorable position for an attack and now waited patiently atop the narrow perch of the open door, balanced as easily as a cat on a window sill. He listened for her approach, his dagger turning over casually in his hand. Catti-brie sensed the danger as soon as she reached the doorway and saw the black form dropping to her side. But as quick as her reactions were, her own dagger was not halfway from its sheath before the thin fingers of a cool hand had clamped over her mouth, stifling a cry, and the razored edge of a jeweled dagger had creased a light line on her throat. She was stunned and appalled. Never had she seen a man move so quickly, and the deadly precision of Entreri’s strike unnerved her. A sudden tenseness in his muscles assured her that if she persisted in drawing her weapon, she would be dead long before she could use it. Releasing the hilt, she made no further move to resist. The assassin’s strength also surprised her as he easily lifted her to a chair. He was a small man, slender as an elf and barely as tall as she, but every muscle on his compact frame was toned to its finest fighting edge. His very presence exuded an aura of strength and an unshakable confidence. This, too, unnerved Catti-brie, because it wasn’t the brash cockiness of an exuberant youngster, but the cool air of superiority of one who had seen a thousand fights and had never been bested. Catti-brie’s eyes never turned from Entreri’s face as he quickly tied her to the chair. His angular features, striking cheekbones and a strong jaw line, were only sharpened by the straight cut of his raven black hair. The shadow of beard that darkened his face appeared as if no amount of shaving could ever lighten it. Far from unkempt, though, everything about the man spoke of control. Catti-brie might even have considered him handsome, except for his eyes. Their gray showed no sparkle. Lifeless, devoid of any hint of compassion or humanity, they marked this man as an instrument of death and nothing more. â€Å"What do ye want o’ me?† Catti-brie asked when she mustered the nerve. Entreri answered with a stinging slap across her face. â€Å"The ruby pendant!† he demanded suddenly. â€Å"Does the halfling still wear the ruby pendant?† Catti-brie fought to stifle the tears welling in her eyes. She was disoriented and off guard and could not respond immediately to the man’s question. The jeweled dagger flashed before her eyes and slowly traced the circumference of her face. â€Å"I have not much time,† Entreri declared flatly. â€Å"You will tell me what I need to know. The longer it takes you to answer, the more pain you will feel.† His words were calm and spoken with honesty. Catti-brie, toughened under Bruenor’s own tutelage, found herself unnerved. She had faced and defeated goblins before, even a horrid troll once, but this collected killer terrified her. She tried to respond, but her trembling jaw would allow no words. The dagger flashed again. â€Å"Regis wears it!† Catti-brie shrieked, a tear tracing a solitary line down each of her cheeks. Entreri nodded and smiled slightly. â€Å"He is with the dark elf, the dwarf, and the barbarian,† he said matter-of-factly. â€Å"And they are on the road to Luskan. And from there, to a place called Mithril Hall. Tell me of Mithril Hall, dear girl.† He scraped the blade on his own cheek, its fine edge poignantly clearing a small patch of beard. â€Å"Where does it lie?† Catti-brie realized that her inability to answer would probably spell her end. â€Å"I-I know not,† she stammered boldly, regaining a measure of the discipline that Bruenor had taught her, though her eyes never left the glint of the deadly blade. â€Å"A pity,† Entreri replied. â€Å"Such a pretty face†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Please,† Catti-brie said as calmly as she could with the dagger moving toward her. â€Å"Not a one knows! Not even Bruenor! To find it is his quest.† The blade stopped suddenly and Entreri turned his head to the side, eyes narrowed and all of his muscles taut and alert. Catti-brie hadn’t heard the turn of the door handle, but the deep voice of Fender Mallot echoing down the hallway explained the assassin’s actions. â€Å"‘Ere, where are ye, girl?† Catti-brie tried to yell, â€Å"Run!† and her own life be damned, but Entreri’s quick backhand dazed her and drove the word out as an indecipherable grunt. Her head lolling to the side, she just managed to focus her vision as Fender and Grollo, battle-axes in hand, burst into the room. Entreri stood ready to meet them, jeweled dagger in one hand and a saber in the other. For an instant, Catti-brie was filled with elation. The dwarves of Ten-Towns were an iron-fisted battalion of hardened warriors, with Fender’s prowess in battle among the clan second only to Bruenor’s. Then she remembered who they faced, and despite their apparent advantage, her hopes were washed away by a wave of undeniable conclusions. She had witnessed the blur of the assassin’s movements, the uncanny precision of his cuts. Revulsion welling in her throat, she couldn’t even gasp for the dwarves to flee. Even had they known the depths of the horror in the man standing before them, Fender and Grollo would not have turned away. Outrage blinds a dwarven fighter from any regard for personal safety, and when these two saw their beloved Catti-brie bound to the chair, their charge at Entreri came by instinct. Fueled by unbridled rage, their first attacks roared in with every ounce of strength they could call upon. Conversely, Entreri started slowly, finding a rhythm and allowing the sheer fluidity of his motions to build his momentum. At times he seemed barely able to parry or dodge the ferocious swipes. Some missed their mark by barely an inch, and the near hits spurred Fender and Grollo on even further. But even with her friends pressing the attack, Catti-brie understood that they were in trouble. Entreri’s hands seemed to talk to each other, so perfect was the complement of their movements as they positioned the jeweled dagger and saber. The synchronous shufflings of his feet kept him in complete balance throughout the melee. His was a dance of dodges, parries, and counterslashes. His was a dance of death. Catti-brie had seen this before, the telltale methods of the finest swordsman in all of Icewind Dale. The comparison to Drizzt Do’Urden was inescapable; their grace and movements were so alike, with every part of their bodies working in harmony. But they remained strikingly different, a polarity of morals that subtly altered the aura of the dance. The drow ranger in battle was an instrument of beauty to behold, a perfect athlete pursuing his chosen course of righteousness with unsurpassed fervor. But Entreri was merely horrifying, a passionless murderer callously disposing of obstacles in his path. The initial momentum of the dwarves’ attack began to diminish now, and both Fender and Grollo wore a look of amazement that the floor was not yet red with their opponent’s blood. But while their attacks were slowing, Entreri’s momentum continued to build. His blades were a blur, each thrust followed by two others that left the dwarves rocking back on their heels. Effortless, his movements. Endless, his energy. Fender and Grollo maintained a solely defensive posture, but even with all of their efforts devoted to blocking, everyone in the room knew that it was only a matter of time before a killing blade slipped through. Catti-brie didn’t see the fatal cut, but she saw vividly the bright line of blood that appeared across Grollo’s throat. The dwarf continued fighting for a few moments, oblivious to the cause of his inability to find his breath. Then, startled, Grollo dropped to his knees, grasping his throat, and gurgled into the blackness of death. Fury spurred Fender beyond his exhaustion. His axe chopped and cut wildly, screaming for revenge. Entreri toyed with him, actually carrying the charade so, far as to slap him on the side of the head with the flat of the saber. Outraged, insulted, and fully aware that he was overmatched, Fender launched himself into a final, suicidal, charge, hoping to bring the assassin down with him. Entreri sidestepped the desperate lunge with an amused laugh, and ended the fight, driving the jeweled dagger deep into Fender’s chest, and following through with a skull-splitting slash of the saber as the dwarf stumbled by. Too horrified to cry, too horrified to scream, Catti-brie watched blankly as Entreri retrieved the dagger from Fender’s chest. Certain of her own impending death, she closed her eyes as the dagger came toward her, felt its metal, hot from the dwarf’s blood, flat on her throat. And then the teasing scrape of its edge against her soft, vulnerable skin as Entreri slowly turned the blade over in his hand. Tantalizing. The promise, the dance of death. Then it was gone. Catti-brie opened her eyes just as the small blade went back into its scabbard on the assassin’s hip. He had taken a step back from her. â€Å"You see,† he offered in simple explanation of his mercy, â€Å"I kill only those who stand to oppose me. Perhaps, then, three of your friends on the road to Luskan shall escape the blade. I want only the halfling.† Catti-brie refused to yield to the terror he evoked. She held her voice steady and promised coldly, â€Å"You underestimate them. They will fight you.† With calm confidence, Entreri replied, â€Å"Then they, too, shall die.† Catti-brie couldn’t win in a contest of nerves with the dispassionate killer. Her only answer to him was her defiance. She spat at him, unafraid of the consequences. He retorted with a single stinging backhand. Her eyes blurred in pain and welling tears, and Catti-brie slumped into blackness. But as she fell unconscious, she heard a few seconds longer, the cruel, passionless laughter fading away as the assassin moved from the house. Tantalizing. The promise of death. How to cite Streams of Silver 1. A Dagger at Their Backs, Essay examples

Levithan and Looking Glass Self Theory free essay sample

Leviathans reasoning behind this was cause he wanted to present the idea of not being defined by your body. He brought up the questions What if you werent defined, who would you be, and how would these things mold you as a person passing from person to person through Ass perspective. His discussion was mostly based on self-identification and how this is vital especially during ones adolescence. A college environment plays a huge role in ones adolescence. Although Leviathans characters are around sixteen to seventeen years of age, he referenced that self- identification plays a huge role in college life.Being away from parents, hometown views, church views, and with the freedom to make your own decisions about how you want to define yourself, there are endless possibilities, as seen through Ass character. Wealth Ass experiences Leviathan detailed that the clothing, race, and standards all defined A at one point because of the body exchanges depicting a view of todays society and how judgments fall so quickly. We will write a custom essay sample on Levithan and Looking Glass Self Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With the theory of the looking glass self in sociology, Charles Horton Cooley s concept of the looking glass self, states that a persons self rows out of a person s social interactions with others.The view of ourselves comes from the contemplation of personal qualities and impressions of how others perceive us. Actually, how we see ourselves does not come from who we really are, but rather from how we believe others see us. Another definition that Leviathan brought up during the discussion was the notion of how love Is love and how we are also defined by this through our gender. How society has its own ideals of who should and shouldnt be in a relationship and how a person should be. Leviathan pointed out that the main theme of his book was to imply be yourself and find yourself.They appear to be simple tasks and easy right? However in order to find yourself and be yourself, one must go through certain obstacles and experiences as described in Every Day to actually do so. Leviathan discussed how communication is vital and how talking to people, especially people that are associated with the university lifestyle, can enlighten ones perspective on a variety of things. That these interactions are what aid in the identification process which is also seen in Ass character. Connections are also a arsenal choice and as people in todays society there are many choices.

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Postural Sway and Self-Motion Perception Theory

Postural Sway and Self-Motion Perception Theory Tharushi Kaluarachchi People are often faced with a sensation of motion when gazing at moving clouds or when a train on an adjacent track moves at a railway station (Dichgans Brandt, 1978). Multiple senses contribute to this common visual illusion of self-motion. Optic flow stimuli induces a conflict between visual input, signalling movement of the body and vestibular input from inertial motion cues (A1). Visual-vestibular interactions also play an important role in maintaining postural stability (A4). Thus it is proposed that there is a common underlying mechanism between postural sway during quiet-stance and vection (A5). Recent research has shown that quiet-stance postural sway can be used to predict subsequent vection strength (A5). While many different types of global optic flow can generate self-motion (A2), this relationship has only been demonstrated for radial flow (Apthorp, Nagle, Palmisano, 2014). Therefore, does quiet-stance postural sway predict differences between multiple vection types, or is it simply a global measure distinguishing vection from non-vection? Concepts The experience of vection describes compelling visual illusions of perceived self-motion that are induced by presenting large patterns of optic flow to physically stationary observers (Palmisano, Allison, Schira, Barry, 2015). Optic flow fields provide visual signals for effective navigation through the three-dimensional environment. It describes a pattern of visual motion on the retina used to rapidly estimate the direction of movement (Duffy Wurtz, 1993). This direction is dependent on the nature of this field, differing with radial, lamellar, rotary and spiral patterns of flow (Britten, 2008). A radial pattern refers to expanding and contracting optic flow (Apthorp et al., 2014). A lamellar pattern refers to optic flow with horizontally parallel flow (Stoffregen, 1985). A rotary pattern of optic flow describes a rotating pattern also parallel to the medial-lateral axis. A spiral pattern of optic flow combines radial and rotary patterns, with the rotary component superimposed in radially expanding flow (Nakamura, 2011). The postural system concerns the position and orientation of body segments to organise balance and movement (Massion, 1994). Postural sway refers to readjustments in posture which can occur with medial-lateral (ML), side-to-side, or anterior-posterior (AP), back-and-forth sway (Ruhe, Fejer, Walker, 2011). Quiet-stance postural sway refers to both eyes open and eyes closed postural sway while standing which occurs prior to the onset of vection (Apthorp et al., 2014). Assumptions A1 (vection). Self-motion perception is a multisensory experience induced by conflicts between optic flow stimuli indicating movement and vestibular input which detects no variation in body position or velocity (Lestienne, Soechting, Berthoz, 1977). A2 (optic flow). Radially expanding and contracting optic flow stimulates forwards and backwards linear vection, respectively (Apthorp et al., 2014). For lamellar optic flow, it generates an illusion of self-translation parallel to the direction of flow (Stoffregen, 1985). A rotary pattern induces roll vection parallel to the plane of the presented flow (Tanahashi, Ujike, Kozawa, Ukai, 2007). Spiral optic flow induces a combination of roll and linear vection (Nakamura, 2011). A3 (optic flow and vection). The magnitude of vection varies with the nature of the optic flow, depending on the area, velocity, depth and spatial frequency of the pattern (Palmisano, Apthorp, Seno, Stapley, 2014). In general, more compelling vection will be induced by optic flow displays that generate significant sensory conflict (Palmisano et al., 2015). A4 (vision and posture). Maintenance of upright posture also depends on visual-vestibular cues (Del Percio et al., 2007). The extent of reliance on visual input in particular, indicates variations in posture, with a greater dependence resulting in more postural readjustments (Apthorp et al., 2014). A5 (postural sway and vection). Quiet-stance postural sway and vection are underpinned by the same basic mechanisms. This supports the use of quiet-stance postural sway measures to predict subsequent vection strength. (Palmisano et al., 2014). A6 (postural sway and vection). During upright stance, ML sway involves the control of hip and trunk muscles, whereas AP sway is regulated by ankle muscles. As these are controlled separately by the postural control system, independent variations in ML and AP are predictive of sway differences between vection types (Tucker, Kavanagh, Morrison, Barrett, 2010). Hypotheses Considering that vection magnitude varies with vection type (A3), it is hypothesised that global differences in the magnitude of future vection will be predicted by changes in quiet-stance. In addition, it is proposed that vection magnitude will be stronger for individuals who rely more on their vision for postural stability. Using local differences in sway axes, it is proposed that changes in AP sway will predict radial flow as it stimulates forwards-and-backwards self-motion (A2). For lamellar flow, which induces self-translation and roll vection generated from rotary flow (A2), it is hypothesised that ML changes will be more predictive. In addition, the combination of roll and linear vection from spiral flow may be predicted by sway in both ML and AP axes. Operationalisation Vection magnitude can be operationalised through a subjective verbal vection rating. Subjects verbally rate the strength of their vection experience on a 100 point scale, with ‘0’ indicating no perceived self-motion and ‘100’ indicating complete self-motion (Apthorp et al., 2014). Though self-report measures can be susceptible to subject cognitions, subjective ratings of vection are reasonably reliably as vection is a subjective experience (Palmisano et al., 2015). The multisensory visual-vestibular interaction for posture can be operationalised through postural sway measures. Quiet-stance postural sway, has been shown to predict subsequent vection, which makes it a viable measure of vection (Palmisano et al., 2014). Postural sway can be operationalised through the changes to the location of the centre of foot pressure (CoP) in the AP and ML direction (Ruhe et al., 2011). Larger sway amplitudes are indicative of greater postural instability. Though CoP is an indirect sway measure as it measures motor system activity, it is a practical method of measuring postural sway in standing (Ruhe et al., 2011). References Apthorp, D., Nagle, F., Palmisano, S. (2014). Chaos in balance: non-linear measures of postural control predict individual variations in visual illusions of motion. PloS one, 9(12). Britten, K. H. (2008). Mechanisms of self-motion perception. Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 31, 389-410. Del Percio, C., Brancucci, A., Bergami, F., Marzano, N., Fiore, A., Di Ciolo, E., . . . Eusebi, F. (2007). Cortical alpha rhythms are correlated with body sway during quiet open-eyes standing in athletes: a high-resolution EEG study. Neuroimage, 36(3), 822-829. Dichgans, J., Brandt, T. (1978). Visual-Vestibular Interaction: Effects on Self-Motion Perception and Postural Control. In R. Held, H. Leibowitz H.-L. Teuber (Eds.), Perception (Vol. 8, pp. 755-804): Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Duffy, C. J., Wurtz, R. H. (1993). An illusory transformation of optic flow fields. Vision Research, 33(11), 1481-1490. Lestienne, F., Soechting, J., Berthoz, A. (1977). Postural readjustments induced by linear motion of visual scenes. Exp Brain Res, 28(3-4), 363-384. Massion, J. (1994). Postural control system. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 4(6), 877-887. Nakamura, S. (2011). Effects of viewpoint jitters on roll vection. i-Perception, 2(4), 254-262. Palmisano, S., Allison, R., Schira, M., Barry, R. J. (2015). Future Challenges for Vection Research: Definitions, Functional Significance, Measures and Neural Bases. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. Palmisano, S., Apthorp, D., Seno, T., Stapley, P. (2014). Spontaneous postural sway predicts the strength of smooth vection. Exp Brain Res, 232(4), 1185-1191. Ruhe, A., Fejer, R., Walker, B. (2011). Center of pressure excursion as a measure of balance performance in patients with non-specific low back pain compared to healthy controls: a systematic review of the literature. European Spine Journal, 20(3), 358-368. Stoffregen, T. A. (1985). Flow Structure Versus Retinal Location in the Optical Control of Stance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 11(5), 554-565. Tanahashi, S., Ujike, H., Kozawa, R., Ukai, K. (2007). Effects of visually simulated roll motion on vection and postural stabilization. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 4(1), 39-39. Tucker, M. G., Kavanagh, J. J., Morrison, S., Barrett, R. S. (2010). Differences in rapid initiation and termination of voluntary postural sway associated with ageing and falls-risk. J Mot Behav, 42(5), 277-287.

Raymond Carver Essay

Raymond Carver was a short story writer who was born in the Pacific Northwest. He was a textbook editor, lecturer and teacher while writing. His stories featured some of his trademarks of, alcohol, poverty, and people in real life situations. Carver was influenced to write about these trademarks through experiences he had lived and influences that were brought upon him, like alcoholism and divorce. Raymond Carver and his father were alcoholics and had both been divorced and remarried through out their lives which is why alcohol, divorce, and fading love are some of the biggest themes he incorporates in his stories. Raymond Carver also expresses puzzlement about the odd and battered condition of love in his profound themes. Specifically in his two short stories, â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love† and â€Å"Popular Mechanics.† As a writer Carver always tried to add some aspect of intensity or menace in his work. He was known as a literary minimalist because he likes to shorten sentences by removing words or phrases. This writing technique he uses creates a sense of uncertainty in the sentences and leaves the reader guessing. Minimalist writers like Carver, won’t tell you exactly what to think through their diction, instead, they leave their work open ended so the reader can participate in the interpretation of the story and fill in the blank themselves. Carver even says in one of his books called â€Å"Fires†: â€Å"I like it when there is some sense of menace in short stories†¦. there has to be a tension, a sense that something is imminent†¦.† ( Fires 17). Carver creates that state of uncertainty in â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love† when the four characters are conversing amongst each other about love. Terri and Mel tell stories about their past marriages. Mel had a very demanding wife while Terri was involved with a guy that abused her. The conversation in the room gradually becomes quieter and quieter as they continue to talk about love and drink gin. Mel says to Terri: â€Å"Just shut up for once in your life, Mel said very quietly. Will you do me a favor and do that for a minute?† (What We Talk About 146) Sentences like these seem out of place in a conversation about love, and because of those lines Mel and Terri’s relationship seems unclear and uncertain. The entire story revolves around a certain speech or passage by Mel. As Mel drinks more and more the title of the story, â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love†, has more meaning and makes the reader and the characters think, just what do we talk about when we talk about love. Even though Mel is drunk when he says his speech, there is truth in his words: â€Å"What do any of us really know about love? Mel Said. ‘It seems to me we’re just beginners at love†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Am I wrong? Am I way off base? Because I want you to set me straight if you think I’m wrong. I want to know. I mean, I don’t know anything, and I’m the first one to admit it.† (What We Talk About 144-145) Fred Moramarco, a professor at San Diego State University, wrote an article called â€Å"Carver’s Couples Talk About Love† and said: â€Å"When I read this passage in my class, my Southern California students, nearly all of them from families that have experienced divorce, both understand it and are bewildered by it simultaneously. Which is to say they recognize it as the contemporary world they live in, a world of serial relationships where one year’s love is the next year’s courtroom adversary.† (Carver’s Couples Talk About Love-Moramarco) This article is beneficial in explaining and showing how relationships can be deceiving and not always straight forward. This is an other example of how Carver’s condition of love puzzled Moramarco’s students even when they understood it. Raymond Carver underlines the confusion about love with two motifs. He uses his structural element or symbolic structure in his story through things like alcohol and light. Carver uses a symbolic structure in his work that he excepts the reader to make sense of. He uses symbolic images like metaphors to help add to the interpreting the story. In the first paragraph of â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love† Carver says: â€Å"Sunlight filled the kitchen from the big window behind the sink.†(What We Talk About 137) Which is a symbolic comment because as the characters talk about their experiences with love the light that once filled the room is gone and the story ends with: â€Å"Not one of us moving, not even when the room went dark. (What We Talk About154) These lines show that as the characters keep drinking they start to think, and realize the complexity of love until they figure out that love is not as straight forward as they think. Carver again links alcohol and light when Nick says: â€Å"Maybe we were a little drunk by then. I know it was hard keeping things in focus. The light was draining out of the room, going back through the window where it had come from. Yet nobody made a move to get up from the table to turn on the overhead light.†(What We Talk About 152) The transient love that the characters experience is short and it makes them feel that they have arrived somewhere, but really they have not accomplished much. As the story progresses and the characters keep drinking, they talk more and more about love. Also as they talk about their experiences with love it becomes clear to them that they do not know as much about love as they thought they did. The stories conclusion hits the characters with a sense of reality. All the gin is finished and Nick and the readers hear the sound of four human hearts beating in the darkness: â€Å"I could hear my heart beating. I could hear everyone’s heart. I could hear the human noise we sat there making, not one of us moving, not even when the room went dark.† (What We Talk About 154) Raymond Carver uses the same symbolic structure in his short story, â€Å"Popular Mechanics.† In â€Å"Popular Mechanics† Carver uses great detail and many symbols to carry his theme that not all relationships end happily. He uses these things to bring out the theme of this depressing, but truthful story that many couples these days experience. Carver starts off the story with: â€Å"Early that day the weather turned and cars slushed by on the street outside, where it was getting dark. But it was getting dark on the inside too.† (Popular Mechanics 288) This line represents the relationship between the man and the woman. The line: â€Å"it was getting dark on the inside too† (Popular Mechanics 288), is representative of the feelings of the couple, which are changing from happiness to hatred and anger. He uses the same symbolic structure again when the weather outside is dark and he says: â€Å"But it was getting dark on the inside too.† Sentences like these make the reader believe that there is something wrong in the relationship. The details Carver uses helps the reader interpret so many images and help the reader piece together the big picture. Also it is very obvious to see that the man and women are unhappy just by their attitudes towards each other. The couple argues about who will take the baby to the point where they are both pulling on it. By showing the couple arguing immaturely, Carver tries to show that they are far from happy. He lets us know this through his extreme detail in his symbolic structure. It is essential to look for these symbolic elements to understand the meanings of Raymond Carver’s work. Carver is known for his minimal writing style, simplified language, and irregular plots. His writing style helps capture the experiences and emotions his characters face, which often include guilt, grief, hopelessness, and the effects of fading love. Also his common themes are a response to his history involving the influence of alcoholism and divorce with himself and his parents. In â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love† Carver hints puzzlement and confusion about love through his symbolic lines about alcohol and light, along with expressing the confusion more clearly through certain passages his characters say like Mel’s speech. However in â€Å"Popular Mechanics† Carver shows it by using great detail, symbols, and through the actions of his characters.

Lovelace Happy Feet

Every Emperor Penguin sings a unique song called a â€Å"heartsong† to attract a mate. If the male penguin's heartsong matches the female's song, the two penguins mate. Norma Jean, a female penguin, falls for Memphis, a male penguin and they become mates.They lay an egg, which is left in Memphis' care, while Norma Jean leaves with the other females to fish. While the males struggle through the harsh winter, Memphis briefly drops the egg.The resulting chick, Mumble, has no vocal talent, but can tap dance. Nevertheless, he is enamored with Gloria, a female penguin who is regarded as the most talented of his age. One day, Mumble encounters a group of hostile Skua, with a leader who is tagged with a yellow band, which he claims to have been from an alien abduction.Mumble narrowly escapes the hungry birds by falling into a crevice.Years later, an adult Mumble is now an outcast who is frowned upon by his elders. After being shunned during the graduates' song, he is attacked by a leo pard seal. After escaping, he befriends a group of Adelie Penguins called â€Å"the Amigos†, who embrace Mumble's dance moves and assimilate him into their group.After seeing a hidden human excavatorin an avalanche, they opt to ask Lovelace, aRockhopper Penguin, about its origin. Lovelace has the plastic rings of a six pack entangled around his neck, which he claims to have been bestowed upon him by mystic beings.For the emperor penguins, it is mating season and Gloria is the center of attention.Ramon tries to help Mumble win her affection by singing a Spanish version of â€Å"My Way†, with Mumble lip syncing. When Gloria sees Ramon behind Mumble's back, she becomes angry and turns away. As a last resort, Mumble begins tap dancing in synch with her song.She falls for him and all the youthful penguins join in for singing and dancing to â€Å"Boogie Wonderland†. The elders are appalled by Mumble's conduct, which they see as the reason for their lean fishing season .Memphis begs Mumble to stop dancing, for his own sake, but when Mumble refuses, he is banished.Mumble and the Amigos return to Lovelace, only to find him being choked by the plastic rings. Lovelace confesses they were snagged on him while swimming off the forbidden shores, beyond the land of the elephant seals.Not long into their journey, they are met by Gloria, who wishes to join with Mumble as his mate. Fearing for her safety, he ostracizes Gloria, driving her away.At the forbidden shore, the group finds a fishing boat. Mumble pursues it solo to the brink of exhaustion.He is eventually washed up on the shore of Australia, where he is rescued and kept at Marine World with Magellanic Penguins. After a long and secluded confinement in addition to fruitlessly trying to communicate with the humans, he nearly succumbs to madness. When a girl attempts to interact with Mumble by tapping the glass, he starts dancing, which attracts a large crowd.He is released back into the wild, with a t racking device attached to his back. He returns to his colony and challenges the will of the elders. Memphis reconciles with him, just as a research team arrives, proving the aliens to be true. The whole of the colony, even Noah, engages in dance.The research team returns their expedition footage, prompting a worldwide debate. The governments realize they are overfishing, leading to the banning of all Antarctic fishing. At this, the Emperor Penguins and the Amigos celebrate. In the final scene, a baby penguin is seen dancing next to Mumble and Gloria, revealed to be their son Erik in Happy Feet Two.

Mental Illness And Its Effects On Society - 985 Words

Comprehensive Case Study Vanessa Brown University of South Carolina SOWK 760 Professor Jennifer Butler 11/20/16 Introduction In the United States, there are many people who suffer from a mental illness. Mental illness is described as causing disruptions in one’s emotional state, thought processes, and behaviors. When analyzing this this concept, one can see that mental illness is a blanket term that encompasses a wide array of mental disorders that range from mild or to severe. No one completely understands the direct cause of mental illness. Some believe that it is attributed to a biological component which argues that it is a bodily process or chemical imbalance in the brain. On the other hand, others argue that mental illness has more to do with the psychological aspect which states that one’s environment and upbringing has a huge influence. Whatever the case may be, mental illness is definitely occurring within our society, and this is a very important issue that needs to constantly be addressed. Too many times within our society, mental illness goes unaddressed because it is not discuss ed as much as it should be, people stay in denial so they do not admit they have an issue; thus foregoing, treatment due to taboo; some may not know they have an issue; or some may know they have an issue but do not have the appropriate resources to get the assistance needed for treatment. In this paper, I am going to address a case study of a client who is actually aware ofShow MoreRelatedMental Illness And Its Effects On Society1405 Words   |  6 Pagesonce stated, â€Å"Mental illness is nothing to be ashamed of, but stigma and bias shame us all.† Mental illness comes with multiple influences towards the daily life of an individual. On one hand, these individuals must try to manage the symptoms that arise with their disease. 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