A Profile of Greek Mathematician Eratosthenes

Eratosthenes (c.276-194 B.C.), a mathematician, is known for his mathematical calculations and geometry. Eratosthenes was called Beta (the second letter of the Greek alphabet) because he was never first, but he is more famous than his Alpha teachers because his discoveries are still used today. Chief among these are the calculation of the circumference of the earth (note: the Greeks did know the earth was spherical) and the development of a mathematical sieve named after him. He made a calendar with leap years, a 675-star catalog, and maps. He recognized the Niles source was a lake, and that rains in the lake region caused the Nile to flood. Eratosthenes - Life and Career Facts Eratosthenes was the third librarian at the famous Library of Alexandria. He studied under the Stoic philosopher Zeno, Ariston, Lysanias, and the poet-philosopher Callimachus. Eratosthenes wrote a Geographica based on his calculations of the circumference of the earth. Eratosthenes is reported to have starved himself to death at Alexandria in 194 B.C. Writing of Eratosthenes Much of what Eratosthenes wrote is now lost, including a geometrical treatise, On Means, and one on the mathematics behind Platos philosophy, Platonicus. He also wrote the fundamentals of astronomy in a poem called Hermes. His most famous calculation, in the now lost treatise On the Measurement of the Earth, explains how he compared the shadow of the sun at Summer Solstice noon in two places, Alexandria and Syene. Eratosthenes Calculates the Circumference of the Earth By comparing the shadow of the sun at Summer Solstice noon at Alexandria and Syene, and knowing the distance between the two, Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the earth.The sun shone directly into a well at Syene at noon. At Alexandria, the angle of inclination of the sun was about 7 degrees. With this information, and knowing that Syene was 787 km due south of Alexandrian  Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the earth to be 250,000 stadia (about 24,662 miles).

Religion And Morality On The Hunt Of Finding The Author Of...

God as Author of Morality There is always controversy around when we bring any topic related to religion to the table and it is not different when we talk about morality. This paper will explore the controversial side that plays religion and morality in the hunt of finding the author of what we know as social norms. In this philosophy paper, we will discuss the origin and evolution of the Divine Command Theory and we will analyze an objections against this theory cited by Plato (Atenas, 427 - 347 a. C.) who states: morality and moral obligations ultimately do not depend on God. First of all, we will discuss the origin end evolution of Divine Command Theory. There are three central assumptions about the correlation between morality and religion. We may focus on one out of those three assumptions. This assumption points out that somehow there is a direct relation between a divine being and what is morally appropriate. Russ Shafer-Landua explains this argument by claiming: â€Å"Morality must be created by someone, and God is by far the best candidate.† (2014 The Fundaments of Ethics p.63) God’s omniscience (all-knowing) is which gives the best credentials for designing a moral code. Also, this assumption claims that without the existence of God there would be a lack of morality, considering that we need some authority to guide us. Our disapproval of certains action do not make things wrong, since as human beings, we have a limited overall vision. Shafer-Landua also shows that dueShow MoreRelatedCultural Anthropology6441 Words   |  26 Pages - linked to other cultural domains such as: Exchange: pot latching art and dance, Bodily modification. Decorations, tattoos Religion: clothing, practices, etc. What is Art? Art is application of imagination, skill and style to matters movement, and sound that goes beyond the purely practical. * High art= in a museum * Low art= graffiti Who decides: What is Art? 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Physics Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Physics Persuasive Essay Blackballing Look Think Motion can be described using graphs. Graphs and charts are common tools used in science. To interpret graphs, read the axis labels as well as the numbers on the axis. The title should give you some clue as to the purpose of the graph. Next, examine the content. Try to describe the content in words, using As _(quantity on the x axis), _(type of change, such as increases or decreases), (quantity on the y axis) _(type of change such as increases or decreases). For example, the graph above could be described, As time increases from O to 8 seconds, the velocity of Billy increases linearly from O to about 14 m/s. One dimensional motion, such as a car trip, can be described using several different graphs. A velocity vs.. Time graph can be used to describe both acceleration and displacement. Acceleration is shown by the slope of the graph, displacement by the area. Their house. They recorded their velocity every second. After they got home, each of them added their data to the graph above. Write Using physics vocabulary, compare/contrast Billys and Crystals trip. Be sure to understand the type of graph that is being used. Center your thoughts around a central idea and write directly to the prompt. Organize your composition in one paragraph with an introduction and conclusion. Use terms such as velocity, acceleration, position, displacement, correct units, direction of motion do not use graphing terms such as slope, up, down, positive, negative write at least 5 sentences sketch a position-time graph and an acceleration-time graph WRITING SCIENCE!

Sex And Religious Morality Essays - Gender, Interpersonal Attraction

Sex And Religious Morality It has been said that the two most powerful drives in a human, besides the practical need for food and shelter, are sex and religion. The sexual urge is strong in nearly everyone, as advertisers of everything from chocolates to cars can tell you, and the urge to worship the divine (by whatever name) is also strongly present in many. In early religions and Neo-Paganism, sex was celebrated as an affirmation of life. It was felt to be a foundational part of the order of the world and of human nature. Therefore, separating it from religion was unthinkable and a kind of contradiction in terms. Many who followed the teachings of Jesus were converts from Pagan religions that used heterosexual and homosexual activities as a means of worship. Religious Fundamentalists argue that sexual acts outside a marriage are immoral-even then sex is only to be used as a means for procreation and is not meant to be thoroughly enjoyed. Homosexuality, according to them, is an abomination that has always been condemned in the Bible. Fundamentalists are so devout in their religions they become blinded to any other interpretation of the Bible other than the literal views they believe. If this were not so, they might be more open to the fact that the words "homosexual" and "homosexuality" were not part of the Hebrew or Greek languages, because they were not coined until the 19th century. Therefore, it is impossible that the original scriptures contained words pertaining to something that did not exist. Such narrow-minded and hypocritical convictions cause the Fundamentalists to show a hardness of heart to love, compassion and service towards others?aspects that other religions embrace as their highest priorities. Reverend Peter Gomes strives to teach groups like Fundamentalists not to interpret the Bible literally?especially when abusing passages to condemn issues such as homosexuality. He asks of people, when reading the Bible, to ask not only what it says, but, "what did this mean when it was written," and "what does it mean now?" because not many people realize that the Bible was written by hundreds of people at different time periods in languages that may no longer be used. It's groups such as the Fundamentalists who are quick to condemn homosexuals as sinners. Because they take passages so literally, it's easy for them to discriminate against, and persecute gays and lesbians. Careful study will show that while the Bible does condemn homosexual and heterosexual prostitution, it says nothing about loving, committed homosexual relationships. Jesus himself never commented on homosexuality, which makes one wonder whose concern it really was. Unfortunately, many bible passages are taken out of context, or interpreted without consideration for the cultural aspects associated with the time period in which they were written. Also, there are many versions of the Bible that reflect limited scientific knowledge, personal beliefs of the interpreters and social beliefs of the times they were written. Personal biases and societies prejudices have most certainly distorted the Bible's many translations. For example: People use the passage about Sodom to condemn homosexuality as a sin because the townsmen wanted to rape two angels visiting Lot. By looking closer, one can see the men were not punished for homosexuality, but indeed for the sins of pride, greed, and idolatry of Babylonian and Canaanite gods. Nothing about homosexuality is mentioned?in fact, Lot offered the men his own two daughters?indicating that the men were heterosexuals wanting to inflict punishment in the form of rape upon the angels. In fact, homosexual rape was a common form of punishment when men wanted to prove their dominance or influence in any given situation. Also, passages from Leviticus are commonly used to denounce homosexuals even though the word homosexual doesn't appear anywhere. This was actually a code of Holiness used as a ritual manual for Islamic priests. Christians are not bound by these rules and rituals, and if they insist on using these passages to attack homosexuals they are also bound by the other rules and rituals therein described. It forbids: - Sexual intercourse with a woman during her menstrual cycle - Tattoos - Eating certain kinds of meats - Wearing clothing made of more than one cotton blend - Men cutting their hair or shaving their beards This code also endorses polygamy and requires Saturday to be the holy day. Obviously it is unfair to condemn homosexuality, while ignoring the fact that most Christians do not follow the rest of the rules outlined in the Holiness Code of Leviticus. Although there's a lot of negative feedback because of negative

Farewell of arms essays

Farewell of arms essays There are three major themes in Hemingways A Farewell to Arms. The first themeis enduring love ended only by mortality. The second, the epeople can and do believe during war. The last and most important theme is Frederic Henrys disillusionment. Hemingway shows that love can persevere in a world ruiy, he thinks of her as merely a sexual conquest. Henry considers his flirting with Catherine like moves in a chess game.. Henry thinks Catherine is a little bit crazy, and both admit they are acting. meets her, after he is wounded and sent to an American hospital, that he realizes he loves her. Henry admits he didnt want to fall in love with her, but ince they rarely argue. eath. He notices because of his love he has become gentle. When he deserts and returns to Catherine he finds comfort, order, and courage. He says, foreshadowing the end of their love, If people bring so much courage to this world the world has to kill them to break them, so of course it kills them.. Henry has become dependent on Catherine. His love for her is strong enough to ease his disillusionment In Chapter 41 their baby is born dead. Henry hopelessly watches as Catherine dies and he is instance, in Chapter 7 Henry meets a soldier who wants to be taken to a hospital which is against the rules. At first Henry objects, but when the sol the time, would you?, he answers no and decides to return later and pick him up. Henry has been unable to find new morals, e time, the belief that war brings glory and honor. Henry enters the war looking for adventure but finds no glory or honor. He finds he is any no more important r he would have fought for it. He has become mellow and tired of conflict, not because of the war, but his love for Catherine. (?) In Chapter 24, when aviators look at his civilian clothes with scorn he isnt upset, he ...

Religious Thanksgiving Quotes

Religious Thanksgiving Quotes Before we begin the sumptuous Thanksgiving feast, we must remember to offer our thanks to the Supreme Being who has showered us with blessings and fortune. In our prayers, let us remember those who have barely enough to feed or clothe themselves. Let the kindness in your heart reach out to the million starving souls who feast on dry bread and salt. We often question the presence of God and his miracles. But we must acknowledge that every day is a miracle, and His merciful benevolence has seen us through the tough times. The Thanksgiving feast is the proof of His love and we are blessed to share the feast with our loved ones. Here are some religious Thanksgiving quotes to make your Thanksgiving Day special. Use these to say a simple prayer of thanks, offering God your unconditional love and devotion. Thanksgiving Quotes Hebrews 13:15 By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of our lips giving thanks to his name. Jerry Bridges, Respectable Sins Giving thanks to God for both His temporal and spiritual blessings in our lives is not just a nice thing to do - it is the moral will of God. Failure to give Him the thanks due Him is sin. Jeremy Taylor God is pleased with no music below so much as with the thanksgiving songs of relieved widows and supported orphans; of rejoicing, comforted, and thankful persons. David,  Psalm 57:7 - 9 My heart is fixed, O God, my heart is fixed: I will sing and give praise. Awake up, my glory; awake, psaltery and harp: I myself will awake early. I will praise thee, O Lord, among the people: I will sing unto thee among the nations. William Shakespeare O Lord that lends me life, Lend me a heart replete with thankfulness. Henry Ward Beecher Remember Gods bounty in the year. String the pearls of His favor. Hide the dark parts, except so far as they are breaking out in light! Give this one day to thanks, to joy, to gratitude! Apostle Paul, 2 Corinthians 9:15 Thanks be unto God for his unspeakable gift. John Clayton Thanksgiving is a season that is very much in accord with the themes and teachings of Jesus Christ. There is no racial or ethnic involvement in Thanksgiving, and people who may be very distant from the Christian system can see the beauty and the positive spirit that comes from the holiday. George Herbert Thou hast given so much to me, Give one thing more, - a grateful heart; Not thankful when it pleaseth me, As if Thy blessings had spare days, But such a heart whose pulse may be Thy praise. Thomas Watson God takes away the world that the heart may cleave more to Him in sincerity. Psalm 50:23 He who brings an offering of praise and thanksgiving honors and glorifies Me; and he who orders his way aright [who prepares the way that I may show him], to him I will demonstrate the salvation of God. Samuel Adams It is therefore recommended to set apart Thursday the eighteenth day of December next, for solemn thanksgiving and praise that with one heart and one voice the good people may express the grateful feelings of their hearts and consecrate themselves to the service of their divine benefactor. Psalm 95:2 Let us come before him with thanksgiving and extol him with music and song. Theodore Roosevelt No people on earth have more cause to be thankful than ours, and this is said reverently, in no spirit of boastfulness in our own strength, but with the gratitude to the Giver of good who has blessed us. Thomas Merton, Thoughts on Solitude Our knowledge of God is perfected by gratitude: we are thankful and rejoice in the experience of the truth that He is love. Psalm 26:7 That I may make the voice of thanksgiving heard and may tell of all Your wondrous works.

Nursing 101 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing 101 - Essay Example Therefore, clinical care delivery and clinical learning experiences of a student nurse like me would ideally also drift from the conventional system. I am too novice to comment on this, and I am sure once my studies go in a full throttle, things will appear as they are. As is evident, in a healthcare setting dominated by specialists and super specialists, there is possibility of some kind of fragmentation of the care, and in my opinion, to avoid such, a holistic concept of people, health, wellness, and healing needs to be used. I know, a holistic perspective focuses on all dimensions of an individual, including physiological, psychological, social, cultural, cognitive, and spiritual. It has a philosophy inherent in this, and this philosophy, I believe, creates the fundamental paradigm of nursing as a profession. Although I am new in this field, I am given to understand that nursing is an art and science of caring and healing that promotes health. The spiritual aspect of nursing is very much relevant to even modern healthcare in the sense that at least spirit may indicate a will to live. This is the life force within a person and spirituality indicates the presence of this phenomenon. However, this is intangible and cannot be located. Without going in to the debate whether it is related to religious aspects of human life, scientific evidence suggests that loss of this life force is detrimental to survival. This concept encompasses a concern or caring that extends from ourselves to others, meaning as the nurse has care and concern for her won existence and survival, they should face the other with an equal concern for their existence and survival (Bunkers, SS., 2008). Disease is a process that expresses in a human being as a result of reaction to the environment, and according to my philosophy, nursing is a process by which the art of caring is manifested. This art of caring, of course, is guided by the philosophical approaches to define